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A door closer is a mechanical device that closes a door, in general after someone opens it, or after it was automatically opened. There are two general styles of door closers: manual and automatic.
A manual door closer will close a door after it has been opened by hand. To limit the door's speed, common door closers have a hydraulic (oil-filled) damper. The speed may be adjustable by up to two set screws near the door's hinge end of the closer (Do not fully remove these screws because oil may leak out). A spring-type door closer usually shuts the door very quickly, banging the door shut. This type of closer would be used on a swing door.
An automatic door closer (more often called door opener) opens the door itself, typically under the control of a push button, motion detector or other device, and then closes it as well, typically employing a motion or proximity detector to determine when it is safe to close the door.
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